What is Insomnia?

Insomnia is the complaint of poor quality sleep due to difficulty falling asleep, waking up frequently during the night, waking up too early in the morning or experiencing unrefreshing sleep.

What causes insomnia?

Certain groups of people are more likely to experience insomnia. These are the elderly, females and those experiencing depression. The following causal factors have been directly linked with insomnia; stress, environmental noise, extreme temperatures, jet lag, medication side effects.

Insomnia in the elderly may be caused by painful cramps in the legs and feet. The pain wakes the person up and can cause sleep maintenance insomnia.

How is insomnia diagnosed?

Insomnia sufferers are examined with the aid of a sleep history. This is often in the form of a sleep diary filled out via an interview with the patient and/or his partner regarding the quantity and quality of sleep. Medical history is also examined.

What is the treatment for insomnia?

Intermittent insomnia, if treated at all, usually responds to short acting sleeping pill treatment. Chronic insomnia treatment involves first diagnosing and treating any underlying psychological disturbances. The identification and cessation of any behaviors that may worsen the condition will also be explored. Sleeping pills may be used, although these are controversial as far as treatment for chronic insomnia is concerned. Behavioral techniques such as relaxation therapy, sleep restriction therapy and reconditioning may also be options for the treatment of chronic insomnia.